This study looks into the communication components included in the proverb
bapa' babu' guru rato (father, mother, teacher, ruler) in the Sumenep community,
offering light on the contextualization of women's involvement. The study used a
qualitative research approach using ethnography of communication as the theoretical
framework, relying on participant observation, triangulation, and organised in-depth
interviews. Using the Miles and Hubermann approach for data analysis using Nvivo
software, the findings show a hierarchical link between speakers and audiences
during proverbial communication events, which leads to interventions and the
preservation of the proverb owing to psychological impacts. The study reveals a
societal attitude that links social responsibility, status, and honour, with a specific
emphasis on women's roles as prominent persons responsible for pushing social
change through education, leadership, and household management. In essence, a
proverb shapes the community's perception by influencing people's actions and
thinking. The proverb's hierarchical structure maintains it while also indicating its
societal significance. The study concludes that proverbs, as exemplified by bapa'
babu' guru rato (father, mother, teacher, ruler), play an important role in
conceptualising individuals within the Sumenep community, serving as a cultural
guide for women's education, respect, and their integral role in ensuring the safety
and well-being of women's lives, thereby contributing significantly to societal
improvement.
Keywords: communication components, ethnography of communication,
proverb, bapa' babu' guru rato, women participation