This study offers a comprehensive techno-economic and thermal feasibility
analysis of a liquid hydrogen production and storage system to support clean
Energy transportation infrastructure in the framework of the global energy
transition. A dual modeling approach was used to assess hydrogen production
through seawater desalination and electrolysis, combining process simulation with
SuperPro Designer and thermal analysis with ANSYS to examine the insulation
performance and heat transfer properties of a three-layer cryogenic storage tank.
Due to economies of scale, the project becomes financially feasible when seawater
input exceeds 250–300 metric tons, according to the economic evaluation. At 500
MT input, the Net Present Value (NPV) is approximately USD 47.1 million. The
thermal simulations verify that the designed tank, which is made of stainless steel,
carbon steel, and multilayer insulation (MLI), successfully keeps liquid hydrogen at
subcritical temperatures in a distribution scenario that lasts twenty-four hours. The
low thermal ingress shown by the directional and total heat flux analyses ensures
the preservation of hydrogen in its cryogenic state. Together, these simulations
offer a thorough framework for evaluating the feasibility of hydrogen supply
chains. The results also support strategic planning for the implementation of
hydrogen infrastructure in line with Indonesia’s national hydrogen roadmap and
more general decarbonization objectives. This work advances the role of hydrogen
in future sustainable energy systems by providing crucial insights.