In 2024, Future Railway Mobile Communication System (FRMCS) was released as
a replacement for the aging Global System for Mobile Communications - Railway,
and will be fully developed by 2027. FRMCS supports train communication by
using cellular standards at speeds of up to 500 km/h. High train speeds induces
Doppler effect that degrades signal quality. Signal degradation by channel effect
can be reduced by employing the appropriate pilot pattern and channel estimation
technique.
This thesis proposes pilot patterns and evaluates the Doppler effect on the chan-
nel estimation. Since FRMCS uses 5G NR technology, OFDM-based pilot patterns
are proposed and channel estimation is performed on Indonesia HSR FRMCS chan-
nel model. The channel estimation result is used for equalization to repair signal
degradation caused by the Doppler effect.
This thesis successfully evaluated the proposed pilot patterns on the speed of
0 km/h, 350 km/h, and 500 km/h. BER performances show that at high SNR
where error floor occurred because of the speed, the proposed channel estimation is
able to outperform existing OFDM pilot pattern, block channel estimation (perfect
estimation)